We quantify financial returns to backers in reward-based crowdfunding projects on Kickstarter and show that such investments provide profitable opportunities in addition to non-monetary benefits. The average unconditional annualized return is 11.5% and the average return on successful projects is 30%. Hence, backing money near the end of a campaign, when the probability of success is already high, is a profitable strategy. The most attractive is the Design category, where successful projects yield 73%, on average. Short-term projects are more profitable than long-term ones. Financial return is an important type of extrinsic motivation in reward-based crowdfunding, which has generally been neglected in academic literature. Reward-based crowdfunding outperforms other forms of crowdfunding and other common alternative investments.
Dobrynskaya, V.; Grebennikova, J. Financial returns in reward-based crowdfunding. Economic Analysis Letters, 2023, 2, 27. https://doi.org/10.58567/eal02030001
AMA Style
Dobrynskaya V, Grebennikova J. Financial returns in reward-based crowdfunding. Economic Analysis Letters; 2023, 2(3):27. https://doi.org/10.58567/eal02030001
Chicago/Turabian Style
Dobrynskaya, Victoria; Grebennikova, Julia 2023. "Financial returns in reward-based crowdfunding" Economic Analysis Letters 2, no.3:27. https://doi.org/10.58567/eal02030001
APA style
Dobrynskaya, V., & Grebennikova, J. (2023). Financial returns in reward-based crowdfunding. Economic Analysis Letters, 2(3), 27. https://doi.org/10.58567/eal02030001
Article Metrics
Article Access Statistics
References
Adhami, S., G. Gianfrate, and S. Johan (2019). Risks and returns in crowdlending. SSRN working paper available at https://ssrn.com/abstract=3345874.
Agrawal, A., Catalini, C., and A. Goldfarb (2014). Some simple economics of crowdfunding. Innovation Policy and the Economy, 14(1), 63-97, https://www.nber.org/papers/w19133.
Andreoni, J. (1990). Impure altruism and donations to public goods: A theory of warm-glow giving. The Economic Journal, 100, 464–477, https://doi.org/10.2307/2234133.
Belleflamme, P., T. Lambert, and A. Schwienbacher (2014) Crowdfunding: Tapping the right crowd. Journal of Business Venturing 29(5), 585-609, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.07.003.
Bretschneider, U., K. Knaub, and E. Wieck (2014) Motivations for crowdfunding: What drives the crowd to invest in start-ups? Proceedings of the European Conference on Information Systems 2014, http://pubs.wi-kassel.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/JML_5321.pdf.
Cholakova, M. and B. Clarysse (2015). Does the possibility to make equity investments in crowdfunding projects crowd out reward-based investments? Entrepreneurial Theory and Practice, 39(1), 145-172, https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12139.
Collins, L. and Pierrakis, Y. (2012). The venture crowd: Crowdfunding equity investment into business. London: NESTA. Available at http://www.nesta.org.uk/publications/venture-crowd.
Daskalakis, N. and W. Yue (2017). User’s perceptions of motivations and risks in crowdfunding with financial returns. SSRN working paper available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2968912.
De Buysere, K., Gajda, O., Kleverlaan, R., & Marom, D. (2012). A framework for European crowdfunding. Available at http://www.crowdfundingframework.eu.
Dimson, E., Rousseau, P.L., Spaenjers, C. (2015). The price of wine. Journal of Financial Economics, 118(2), 431–449, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2015.08.005.
Dimson, E., Spaenjers, C. (2011). Ex post: The investment performance of collectible stamps. Journal of Financial Economics 100 (2), 443–458, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2010.12.005.
Dobrynskaya, V., Kishilova, J. (2022). LEGO: The toy of smart investors. Research in International Business and Finance 59, 101539, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2021.101539.
Gerber, E.M., Hui, J.S., & Kuo, P.Y. (2012). Crowdfunding: Why people are motivated to post and fund projects on crowdfunding platforms. Northwestern University working paper, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261359489_Crowdfunding_Why_People_are_Motivated_to_Post_and_Fund_Projects_on_Crowdfunding_Platforms.
Harmeet, K., and J. Gera (2017). Effect of social media connectivity on success of crowdfunding campaigns. Procedia Computer Science, 122: 767-774, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2017.11.435.
Levin, F. (2015). Success determinants of crowdfunding projects. Review of Business and Economic Studies, 3(4): 79-87, https://ideas.repec.org/a/scn/00rbes/y2015i4p79-87.html.
Mollick, E. (2014). The dynamics of crowdfunding: An exploratory study. Journal of Business Venturing, 29, 1–16, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.06.005.
Muniz, A.M.Jr. and O’Guinn, T.C. (2001). Brand community. Journal of Consumer Research, 27, 412–432, https://doi.org/10.1086/319618.
Renneboog, L., Spaenjers, C. (2012). Hard assets: The returns on rare diamonds and gems. Finance Research Letters 9(4), 220–230, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2012.07.003.
Renneboog, L., Spaenjers, C. (2013). Buying beauty: On prices and returns in the art market. Management Science 59, 36–53, https://www.jstor.org/stable/23359604.
Ryan, R.M., and E.L. Deci (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54-67, https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020.
Ryu, S., J. Park, K. Kim, and W.-G. Kim (2020). Reward versus altruistic motivations in reward-based crowdfunding. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 24(2), 159-183, https://doi.org/10.1080/10864415.2020.1715531.
Schwienbacher, A., and B. Larralde (2010). Crowdfunding of small entrepreneurial ventures. Handbook of Entrepreneurial Finance, Oxford University Press, September 28th, 2010, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1699183.
Signori, A., and S. Vismara (2016). Returns on investments in equity crowdfunding. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2765488.
Vismara, S. (2016). Equity retention and social network theory in equity crowdfunding. Small Business Economics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-016-9710-4.
Zheng, H., D. Li, J. Wu, and Y. Xu (2014). The role of multidimensional social capital in crowdfunding: A comparative study in China and US. Information & Management, 51(4): 488-496, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2014.03.003.