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Impact of Institutional Quality and Research and Development (R&D) on Agricultural Productivity in Low-and Middle-Income Countries

by Agossou Justin Tovilode a,*  and  Wanki Moon a
a
Agribusiness Economics, Southern Illinois University of Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
JEA  2025 4(2):100; https://doi.org/10.58567/jea04020003
Received: 18 July 2024 / Accepted: 28 December 2024 / Published Online: 23 January 2025
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Abstract

This study investigates the impact of institutions and public agricultural Research and Development (R&D) on agricultural productivity in low- and middle-income countries. The paper employs panel data with fixed-effects models, spanning 12 years and including 49 low-and middle-income countries. Agricultural productivity is measured by cereal yield, while institutional factors are assessed through four key indicators: judicial independence, property rights protection, contract enforcement, and impartial public administration. Public agricultural R&D investments serve as the measure for agricultural R&D. The findings show that property rights protection positively influences agricultural productivity, whereas legal contract enforcement has a negative impact across these countries. Additionally, public agricultural R&D significantly and positively affect productivity in Asia and the LAC regions, but not in sub-Saharan Africa.

Keywords: Institution; Agricultural Productivity; Agricultural R&D; Stages of Economic Development;
Copyright: © 2025 by Tovilode and Moon. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ACS Style
Tovilode, A. J.; Moon, W. Impact of Institutional Quality and Research and Development (R&D) on Agricultural Productivity in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. Journal of Economic Analysis, 2025, 4, 100. https://doi.org/10.58567/jea04020003
AMA Style
Tovilode A J, Moon W. Impact of Institutional Quality and Research and Development (R&D) on Agricultural Productivity in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. Journal of Economic Analysis; 2025, 4(2):100. https://doi.org/10.58567/jea04020003
Chicago/Turabian Style
Tovilode, Agossou J.; Moon, Wanki 2025. "Impact of Institutional Quality and Research and Development (R&D) on Agricultural Productivity in Low-and Middle-Income Countries" Journal of Economic Analysis 4, no.2:100. https://doi.org/10.58567/jea04020003
APA style
Tovilode, A. J., & Moon, W. (2025). Impact of Institutional Quality and Research and Development (R&D) on Agricultural Productivity in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. Journal of Economic Analysis, 4(2), 100. https://doi.org/10.58567/jea04020003

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