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Articles ( Showing 1-20 of 17 items)
Searched for: [ Keywords: "Employment" ] clear all
Journal Article
The Impact of COVID-19 on Women’s Employment: Evidence from China
by Dong Zhou , Langchuan Peng  and  Shouer Chen
Abstract
This paper investigates the impacts of COVID-19 on women’s employment and gender disparity with a longitudinal dataset spanning the pandemic. We exploit the regional intensities of social vulnerability and temporal variation to implement the difference-in-differences (DID) estimation. The results indicate that the pandemic and its associated lockdowns generate a significa [...] Read more

Journal Article
Family Rules, Employment, Fertility and Women’s Empowerment: Evidence from a Developing Country
by Safdar Ullah Khan , Arthur H. Goldsmith , Gulasekaran Rajaguru  and  Ahmad M Khalid
Abstract
This research investigates the determinants of women's empowerment within households in a developing country. The investigation specifically focuses on the impact of employment and fertility, considering constraints imposed by family rules that play a pivotal role in shaping women's empowerment. The theoretical framework outlined in this study posits a simplistic model demonstr [...] Read more

Journal Article
Does ‘Being Your Own Boss’ raise your chance of becoming someone else’s Boss?
by Lixin Cai
Abstract
Self-employment is often associated with entrepreneurship and regarded as a driver of innovation, job creation and economic growth. As such, many countries have policies to promote and support self-employment. One mechanism for self-employment to drive job growth is for sole traders to become an employer through hiring employees. However, there are few studies that investigate [...] Read more
Hit Affiliation:
Future of Employment and Skills Research Centre, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

Journal Article
Testing the Oswald hypothesis with Australian census data 2001-2016
by Megha Raut  and  W. Robert J. Alexander
Abstract
The Oswald hypothesis is that home ownership reduces mobility and through that channel results in poorer labor market outcomes. There has been only limited previous evidence on the Australian case. Here we use data from the first four Australian censuses of the twenty-first century, aggregated at the smallest geographical areas for which statistics are released. We propose test [...] Read more

Journal Article
Performance Comparison of Poverty Alleviation through Education, Employment and Industry during the Period of Targeted Poverty Alleviation
by Fateh Saci
Abstract
Based on the income poverty level differences and multi-dimensional poverty perspective in China, this paper compares the performance of education poverty alleviation, employment poverty alleviation, and industry poverty alleviation. The hypothesis was tested by quantile regression and ordered probit model. The results show that: in the short term, the effect of poverty allevia [...] Read more

Journal Article
The dynamics of traditions and women’s employment: Evidence from a developing country
by Safdar Ullah Khan , Arthur H. Goldsmith  and  Gulasekaran Rajaguru
Abstract
The workforce participation rate, and hence the level of employment, for women in Pakistan is among the lowest in South Asia – standing at 25 percent in 2023. Conventional explanations attribute this to poor skills and cultural norms of families and society at large. Empirical work has established that low levels of education, and community attitudes regarding gender role [...] Read more

Journal Article
The budget deficit in an endogenous growth model with bequest and money holdings
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
By an endogenous growth model with a two-period overlapping generations structure, I examine the existence of a budget deficit in an economy that endogenously grows by investments of firms. The consumers leave bequests to their descendants and hold money as a part of their savings. I use a Barro-type utility function, where people include the utility of their children in their [...] Read more

Letter
Money holding and budget deficit in a growing economy with consumers living forever
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
I examine the problem of budget deficit in a growing economy in which consumers hold money as a part of their savings in the case where consumers live forever. For simplicity and tractability I use a discrete time dynamic model and Lagrange multiplier method. In the appendix I briefly explain the solution using a discrete time version of the Hamiltonian method. I will show the [...] Read more

Letter
Government deficit and “The World’s smallest macroeconomic model” by Paul Krugman
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
In his "The World’s smallest macroeconomic model” (Krugman (1999)), Paul Krugman argued that under the assumption of price rigidity, a shortage of money supply leads to underemployment or recession, so increasing money supply can eliminate underemployment and restore full employment. But, how do we increase the money supply? I will show that we need a government def [...] Read more

Journal Article
An overlapping generations version of Krugman’s world’s smallest macroeconomic model and fiscal deficit
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
This paper attempts to introduce an overlapping generations structure into Paul Krugman's "The world's smallest macroeconomic model" (Krugman (1999)) to examine the implications of fiscal policy, particularly fiscal deficits, in a framework suitable for policy analysis. In that paper, Krugman argued that under the price rigidity assumption, a shortage in the money supply leads [...] Read more

Journal Article
Budget deficit and money holding when consumers live forever in an endogenous growth model
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
In this paper I will show that budget deficit (or fiscal deficit) is necessary to achieve full employment under constant prices or inflation, using a model of endogenous growth in which consumers hold money for the reason of liquidity and live forever. Budget deficit need not be offset by future budget surpluses. I consider the continuous time case by taking the limit of the di [...] Read more

Journal Article
Don’t worry about the debt-GDP Ratio
by Yasuhito Tanaka
Abstract
I will show that if the propensity to consume from savings satisfies appropriate conditions, the debt-GDP ratio will not grow infinitely large and fiscal collapse will not occur. Using a basic macroeconomic model, with an overlapping generations model in mind, we show the following results: 1) The budget deficit including interest payments on the government bonds equals an incr [...] Read more

Journal Article
The role of economic development in improvements of Cambodian housing conditions
by Florian Gerth  and  Karol S. Sikora
Abstract
In the past, investing in housing has served as an engine of growth for many economies as it is widely recognized that poor housing conditions can have significant negative impacts on human health, education, and economic opportunities. To assess the housing-related quality of life, indicators such as housing quality, housing environment, and cost burdens can be applied. Howeve [...] Read more

Journal Article
Nexus Between Asset Class Volatility and the Output Gap in Nigeria: A Bayesian Var Approach
by richard umeokwobi , Abayomi Awujola , Emeka Nkoro  and  Marvelous Aigbedion
Abstract
Excessive volatility in financial markets can disrupt economic activity, affect investor and consumer confidence, and potentially lead to financial crises in an economy. Due to this backdrop, this study examined the link between asset class volatility and the output gap in Nigeria. The asset classes were categorized into stock, crude, gold, and bitcoin. The study adopted the GA [...] Read more

Journal Article
Inflation’s Reduction of the Real Minimum Wage and Unemployment in the USA: 1987 to 2021
by Jonathan E. Leightner  and  Eric Jenkins
Abstract
Hundreds of articles have been written that include empirical estimates of the dis-employment effects of minimum wages; however, many of these articles find statistically insignificant effects, some find significant negative effects, and a few find significant positive effects. Most of these studies use multivariate analyses which can be criticized for omitting key variables. T [...] Read more

Journal Article
Dynamic Nonlinear Relationship between Digital Transformation, Green Transformation in Manufacturing Industry and Labor Structure: Evidence from Panel VAR Analysis
by Haiyong Jiang , Yinghui Han , Yue Wang  and  Zhenyu Chen
Abstract
The digital transformation of manufacturing industry can promote the development of green transformation and promote the differentiation of workers’ skill structure; On the other hand, it will also hinder the green development due to the huge energy consumption generated by the application of digital technology and facilities. In addition, the green transformation of manu [...] Read more

Journal Article
Agglomeration Economies and Rural-to-Urban Migration in India
by Arup Mitra  and  Rajesh Raushan
Abstract
Keeping in view the concept of agglomeration economies and the New Economic Geography (NEG) angle, this paper makes an attempt to examine the rural to urban population movement at the district level in India. The findings do not favour a strong positive association between levels of urbanization and migration rates.  However, there exists a cluster of districts which are a [...] Read more